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Pharmacological Inhibition of Class IIA HDACs by LMK-235 in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Cells

  • J. Wanek
  • , M. Gaisberger
  • , M. Beyreis
  • , C. Mayr
  • , K. Helm
  • , F. Primavesi
  • , T. Jäger
  • , P. Di Fazio
  • , M. Jakab
  • , A. Wagner
  • , D. Neureiter
  • , T. Kiesslich
  • Department of Internal Medicine I, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg
  • Department of Biosciences, Research Division of Regeneration, Stem Cell Biology and Gerontology, University of Salzburg
  • Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University
  • Department for Radon Therapy Research, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University
  • Gastein Research Institute, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University
  • Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University
  • Cancer Cluster Salzburg
  • Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck
  • Department of Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University/Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK)
  • Department of Visceral Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Philipps University Marburg

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a key role in epigenetic mechanisms in health and disease and their dysfunction is implied in several cancer entities. Analysis of expression patterns in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) indicated HDAC5 to be a potential target for future therapies. As a first step towards a possible treatment, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro cellular and molecular effects of HDAC5 inhibition in pNET cells. Two pNET cell lines, BON-1 and QGP-1, were incubated with different concentrations of the selective class IIA HDAC inhibitor, LMK-235. Effects on cell viability were determined using the resazurin-assay, the caspase-assay, and Annexin-V staining. Western Blot and immunofluorescence microscopy were performed to assess the effects on HDAC5 functionality. LMK-235 lowered overall cell viability by inducing apoptosis in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, acetylation of histone-H3 increased with higher LMK-235 concentrations, indicating functional inhibition of HDAC4/5. Immunocytochemical analysis showed that proliferative activity (phosphohistone H3 and Ki-67) decreased at highest concentrations of LMK-235 while chromogranin and somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) expression increased in a dose-dependent manner. HDAC5 expression was found to be largely unaffected by LMK-235. These findings indicate LMK-235 to be a potential therapeutic approach for the development of an effective and selective pNET treatment. © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Original languageEnglish
JournalInt. J. Mol. Sci.
Volume19
Issue number10
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 12 Oct 2018

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

  1. SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
    SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

  • Apoptosis
  • Cytotoxicity
  • Histone deacetylases
  • LMK-235
  • Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
  • beta actin
  • chromogranin
  • citarinostat
  • histone deacetylase
  • histone deacetylase 5
  • LMK 235
  • somatostatin receptor 2
  • unclassified drug
  • HDAC4 protein, human
  • HDAC5 protein, human
  • histone
  • histone deacetylase inhibitor
  • repressor protein
  • animal cell
  • animal tissue
  • antiproliferative activity
  • apoptosis rate
  • Article
  • caspase assay
  • cell culture
  • cell viability
  • cytotoxicity
  • epigenetics
  • immunocytochemistry
  • immunofluorescence microscopy
  • nonhuman
  • pancreas islet cell tumor
  • pharmacology
  • protein expression
  • resazurin assay
  • Western blotting
  • acetylation
  • cell proliferation
  • cell survival
  • drug effect
  • gene expression regulation
  • human
  • metabolism
  • neuroendocrine tumor
  • pancreas tumor
  • tumor cell line
  • Acetylation
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Cell Survival
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
  • Histone Deacetylases
  • Histones
  • Humans
  • Neuroendocrine Tumors
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms
  • Repressor Proteins

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