@inproceedings{9ec83b51f6f742fdba4c2179db9769f7,
title = "Detecting Swimming Pools in 15-Minute Load Data",
abstract = "The ability to detect appliances in load data highly depends on the resolution of the data. While a lot of related work exists on detecting appliances in second or sub-second granularity load data, in this paper, we detect swimming pools through their filter pumps in load data with the 15-minute granularity prescribed by the European Union for smart meters. We model the filter pump based on exemplary measurements and describe a prototypical algorithm to extract the filter pump's consumption from the aggregated mains signal of a real-world household. We evaluate pool detection performance with different classifiers on a data set with 843 households, where the information on the existence of a swimming pool is available. We achieve 94.8\% detection accuracy with a precision of 68.5\% with an off-the-shelf classifier. Decreasing the temporal resolution in several steps to 8 hours negatively affects the recall while the precision stays at the same level. We find that these results raise privacy concerns even at the minimum temporal resolution of smart meter data that is legally required in the European Union. {\textcopyright} 2018 IEEE.",
keywords = "privacy, Smart metering, Classification (of information), Data privacy, Lakes, Pumps, Smart meters, Swimming pools, Detection accuracy, Detection performance, European union, Privacy concerns, Pump-based, Related works, Temporal resolution, Big data",
author = "S. Burkhart and A. Unterweger and G. Eibl and D. Engel",
note = "Conference code: 139357 Cited By :8 Export Date: 14 December 2023 Funding text 1: The financial support by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy, the Austrian National Foundation for Research, Technology and Development and the Federal State of Salzburg is gratefully acknowledged. Futhermore, the authors would like to thank the Energieinstitut at the Johannes Kepler University Linz for providing the data set. References: Asghar, M.R., D{\'a}n, G., Miorandi, D., Chlamtac, I., Smart meter data privacy: A survey (2017) IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials, 19 (4), pp. 2820-2835; Molina-Markham, A., Shenoy, P., Fu, K., Cecchet, E., Irwin, D., Private memoirs of a smart meter (2010) Proceedings of the 2nd ACM Workshop on Embedded Sensing Systems for Energy-Efficiency in Building, Ser. BuildSys '10, pp. 61-66. , http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1878431.1878446, New York, NY, USA: ACM; Bergman, D.C., Jin, D., Juen, J., Tanaka, N., Gunter, C., Wright, A., Distributed Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (2011) Proceedings of the IEEE/PES Conference on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT 2011), , Anaheim, CA, USA, January 2011; Kolter, J., Johnson, M.J., Redd: A public data set for energy disaggregation research (2011) Workshop on Data Mining Applications in Sustainability (SIGKDD), pp. 1-6. , http://redd.csail.mit.edu/kolter-kddsust11.pdf, aug; Zeifman, M., Roth, K., Nonintrusive appliance load monitoring: Review and outlook (2011) IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, 57, pp. 76-84; Zoha, A., Gluhak, A., Imran, M.A., Rajasegarar, S., Non-intrusive Load Monitoring approaches for disaggregated energy sensing: A survey (2012) Sensors (Switzerland), 12 (12), pp. 16838-16866; (2012) 2012/148/EU: Commission Recommendation of 9 March 2012 on Preparations for the Roll-out of Smart Metering Systems, , http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legalcontent/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX\%3A32012H0148, European Commission; Lisovich M, A., Wicker, S.B., Privacy concerns in upcoming residential and commercial demand-response systems (2008) IEEE Proceedings on Power Systems, 1 (1), pp. 1-10; Greveler, U., Justus, B., L{\"o}hr, D., Multimedia content identification through smart meter power usage profiles (2012) Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Information and Knowledge Engineering (IKE'12), , Las Vegas, USA; Kim, H., Marwah, M., Arlitt, M.F., Lyon, G., Han, J., Unsupervised disaggregation of low frequency power measurements (2011) The 11th SIAM International Conference on Data Mining, pp. 747-758; Kolter, J.Z., Jaakkola, T., Approximate inference in additive factorial hmms with application to energy disaggregation (2012) Journal of Machine Learning Research-Proceedings Track, 22, pp. 1472-1482. , apr; Hart, G.W., Nonintrusive appliance load monitoring (1992) Proceedings of the IEEE, 80 (12), pp. 1870-1891; Eibl, G., Engel, D., Influence of data granularity on smart meter privacy (2015) IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 6 (2), pp. 930-939; Chen, D., Barker, S., Subbaswamy, A., Irwin, D., Shenoy, P., Non-intrusive occupancy monitoring using smart meters (2013) Proceedings of the 5th ACM Workshop on Embedded Systems for Energy-Efficient Buildings-BuildSys'13, pp. 1-8; Eibl, G., Burkhart, S., Engel, D., Unsupervised holiday detection from low-resolution smart metering data (2018) Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Information Systems Security and Privacy, ICISSP 2018, , to appear SciTePress; Pathak, N., Lachut, D., Roy, N., Banerjee, N., Robucci, R., Non-intrusive air leakage detection in residential homes (2018) ICDCN '18: 19th International Conference on Distributed Computing and Networking, , Varanasi, India: ACM; Gonzalez, R.C., Woods, R.E., (2017) Digital Image Processing, , 4th ed. Pearson; Otsu, N., A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms (1979) IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 9 (1), pp. 62-66; 17th IEEE International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications and 12th IEEE International Conference on Big Data Science and Engineering, Trustcom/BigDataSE 2018, Trustcom/BigDataSE 2018 ; Conference date: 01-08-2018 Through 03-08-2019",
year = "2018",
doi = "10.1109/TrustCom/BigDataSE.2018.00244",
language = "English",
isbn = "978-1-5386-4389-1",
pages = "1651--1655",
booktitle = "2018 17th IEEE International Conference On Trust, Security And Privacy In Computing And Communications/ 12th IEEE International Conference On Big Data Science And Engineering (TrustCom/BigDataSE)",
publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",
address = "United States",
}
